The book covers all major aspects of the science of crystals. The approach of the book is unique because it offers thought-provoking ideas about the Physics of Solids, rather than being merely a compilation of research data and statistical figures. The learning design has been presented in such a way that the students at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, including the researchers in materials science, get an exposition of the fundamentals and the application potential of crystals' physics. The understanding of the basics is supplemented and supported by a strong mathematical basis and reasoning.