It takes a fresh look at the perennial problem of the divide between the Hindus and Muslims and the partition of India it led to. Historical reasons have been analysed in the study in considerable depth and conclusions have been drawn. It debunks the efforts made by some apologists of Jinnah to shift the blame for partition on to others' shoulders and delineates the growh of separtism from the earliest times. The doctrine of two nations led to the creation and division of Pakistan and the inevitable division of the Muslims of the subcontinent into three nations. Historical forces which helped in the creation of a separate nation have been studied.